{"id":446,"date":"2023-01-27T10:06:59","date_gmt":"2023-01-27T02:06:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.yuekegu.com\/?p=446"},"modified":"2023-01-27T10:06:59","modified_gmt":"2023-01-27T02:06:59","slug":"django%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%e4%b9%8bmodels%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/2023\/01\/27\/django%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%e4%b9%8bmodels%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"Django\u8be6\u89e3\u4e4bmodels\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/allan-king\/p\/5807659.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Django \u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u822c\u5199\u5728 models.py \u4e2d\uff0cDjango \u652f\u6301 sqlite3, MySQL, PostgreSQL\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728settings.py\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u66f4\u6539models.py\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u6781\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a \u5728Django\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u662fsqlite3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728settings\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# Database<\/code>\n# https:\/\/docs.djangoproject.com\/en\/1.10\/ref\/settings\/#databases<\/code>\n \n# sqlite3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f<\/code>\n# DATABASES = {<\/code>\n#     'default': {<\/code>\n#         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',<\/code>\n#         'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),<\/code>\n#     }<\/code>\n# }<\/code>\n \n# MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f<\/code>\nDATABASES =<\/code> {<\/code>\n'default': {<\/code>\n'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',<\/code>\n'NAME':'dbname',<\/code>\n'USER': 'root',<\/code>\n'PASSWORD': 'xxx',<\/code>\n'HOST': '',<\/code>\n'PORT': '',<\/code>\n}<\/code>\n}<\/code> <\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u8868
\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5728models.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
 class<\/code> UserInfo(models.Model):<\/code>\n# CharField\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a,\u6700\u5c11\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6<\/code>\nuser =<\/code> models.CharField(max_length=32)<\/code>\nemail =<\/code> models.EmailField(max_length=32)<\/code>\npwd =<\/code> models.CharField(max_length=32)<\/code>\nuser_type =<\/code> models.ForeignKey('UserType')<\/code>\n \nclass<\/code> UserType(models.Model):<\/code>\nnid =<\/code> models.AutoField(primary_key=True)<\/code>\ncaption =<\/code> models.CharField(max_length=16)<\/code> <\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8:\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5916\u952e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u4e0aUserType\u548c’UserType’\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662fpython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898,\u5982\u679c\u628aUserType\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5199\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u4f1a\u6ca1\u4e8b\u4e86
\u8fd0\u884cDjando\u9879\u76ee\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
python3 manage.py makemigrations\npython3 manage.py migrate<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u7684\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001models.AutoField\u3000\u3000\u81ea\u589e\u5217 = int(11)\n \u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a id \u7684\u5217\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u589e\u5217\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u7ed9\u5217\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e primary_key=True\u3002\n 2\u3001models.CharField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b57\u6bb5\n \u3000\u3000\u5fc5\u987b max_length \u53c2\u6570\n 3\u3001models.BooleanField\u3000\u3000\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b=tinyint(1)\n \u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0cBlank=True\n 4\u3001models.ComaSeparatedIntegerField\u3000\u3000\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6570\u5b57=varchar\n \u3000\u3000\u7ee7\u627fCharField\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b max_lenght \u53c2\u6570\n 5\u3001models.DateField\u3000\u3000\u65e5\u671f\u7c7b\u578b date\n \u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\uff0cauto_now = True \u5219\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u90fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\uff1bauto_now_add \u5219\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u518d\u6539\u53d8\u3002\n 6\u3001models.DateTimeField\u3000\u3000\u65e5\u671f\u7c7b\u578b datetime\n \u3000\u3000\u540cDateField\u7684\u53c2\u6570\n 7\u3001models.Decimal\u3000\u3000\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5c0f\u6570\u7c7b\u578b = decimal\n \u3000\u3000\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u6574\u6570\u4f4dmax_digits\u548c\u5c0f\u6570\u4f4ddecimal_places\n 8\u3001models.EmailField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90ae\u7bb1\uff09 =varchar\n \u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n 9\u3001models.FloatField\u3000\u3000\u6d6e\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b = double\n 10\u3001models.IntegerField\u3000\u3000\u6574\u5f62\n 11\u3001models.BigIntegerField\u3000\u3000\u957f\u6574\u5f62\n \u3000\u3000integer_field_ranges = {\n \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000'SmallIntegerField': (-32768, 32767),\n \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000'IntegerField': (-2147483648, 2147483647),\n \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000'BigIntegerField': (-9223372036854775808, 9223372036854775807),\n \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000'PositiveSmallIntegerField': (0, 32767),\n \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000'PositiveIntegerField': (0, 2147483647),\n \u3000\u3000}\n 12\u3001models.IPAddressField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ip4\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\n 13\u3001models.GenericIPAddressField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ip4\u548cip6\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff09\n \u3000\u3000\u53c2\u6570protocol\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff1aboth\u3001ipv4\u3001ipv6\n \u3000\u3000\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u62a5\u9519\n 14\u3001models.NullBooleanField\u3000\u3000\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\n 15\u3001models.PositiveIntegerFiel\u3000\u3000\u6b63Integer\n 16\u3001models.PositiveSmallIntegerField\u3000\u3000\u6b63smallInteger\n 17\u3001models.SlugField\u3000\u3000\u51cf\u53f7\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u3001\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\n 18\u3001models.SmallIntegerField\u3000\u3000\u6570\u5b57\n \u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709\uff1atinyint\u3001smallint\u3001int\u3001bigint\n 19\u3001models.TextField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32=longtext\n 20\u3001models.TimeField\u3000\u3000\u65f6\u95f4 HH:MM[:ss[.uuuuuu]]\n 21\u3001models.URLField\u3000\u3000\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n 22\u3001models.BinaryField\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\n 23\u3001models.ImageField   \u56fe\u7247\n 24\u3001models.FilePathField \u6587\u4ef6\n \u66f4\u591a\u5b57\u6bb5<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001null=True\n\u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7a7a\n2\u3001blank=True\n\u3000\u3000django\u7684 Admin \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u5141\u8bb8\u7a7a\u503c\n3\u3001primary_key = False\n\u3000\u3000\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u5bf9AutoField\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u952e\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee3\u66ff\u539f\u6765\u7684\u81ea\u589e id \u5217\n4\u3001auto_now \u548c auto_now_add\n\u3000\u3000auto_now   \u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa---\u65e0\u8bba\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\n\u3000\u3000auto_now_add  \u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa---\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\n5\u3001choices\nGENDER_CHOICE = (\n        (u'M', u'Male'),\n        (u'F', u'Female'),\n    )\ngender = models.CharField(max_length=2,choices = GENDER_CHOICE)\n6\u3001max_length\n7\u3001default\u3000\u3000\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\n8\u3001verbose_name\u3000\u3000Admin\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u663e\u793a\u540d\u79f0\n9\u3001name|db_column\u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0\n10\u3001unique=True\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\n11\u3001db_index = True\u3000\u3000\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7d22\u5f15\n12\u3001editable=True\u3000\u3000\u5728Admin\u91cc\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7f16\u8f91\n13\u3001error_messages=None\u3000\u3000\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\n14\u3001auto_created=False\u3000\u3000\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\n15\u3001help_text\u3000\u3000\u5728Admin\u4e2d\u63d0\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\n16\u3001validators=[]\n17\u3001upload-to\n\n\u66f4\u591a\u53c2\u6570<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1 bogon:django_modes01 zk$ python3 manage.py makemigrations\n 2 Migrations for 'app01':\n 3   app01\/migrations\/0001_initial.py:\n 4     - Create model UserInfo\n 5     - Create model UserType\n 6     - Add field user_type to userinfo\n 7 bogon:django_modes01 zk$ python3 manage.py migrate\n 8 Operations to perform:\n 9   Apply all migrations: admin, app01, auth, contenttypes, sessions\n10 Running migrations:\n11   Rendering model states... DONE\n12   Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK\n13   Applying auth.0001_initial... OK\n14   Applying admin.0001_initial... OK\n15   Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK\n16   Applying app01.0001_initial... OK\n17   Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK\n18   Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK\n19   Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK\n20   Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK\n21   Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK\n22   Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK\n23   Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK\n24   Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK\n25   Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK\n\n\u72b6\u6001<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u793a\uff1aNo changes detected
\u9700\u8981\u5728settings.py\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u518capp<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5916\u952e\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
3.\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
obj = models.\u8868\u540d(\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d='***')\nobj.save()<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
models.\u8868\u540d.objects.create(\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d='***')<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u5728views.py\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse\nfrom app01 import models\n \n# Create your views here.\n \ndef index(request):\n    # \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\n    models.UserType.objects.create(caption='\u7ba1\u8def\u5458')\n    models.UserType.objects.create(caption='\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237')\n    models.UserType.objects.create(caption='\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458')\n \n    # \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\n    user_info_dict_1 = {'user': 'ales',\n                      'email': 'alex@qq.com',\n                      'pwd': 123,\n                      'user_type': models.UserType.objects.get(nid=1),\n                      }\n \n    user_info_dict_2 = {'user': 'eric',\n                      'email': 'eric@qq.com',\n                      'pwd': 123,\n                      'user_type_id': 2,\n                      }\n \n    models.UserInfo.objects.create(**user_info_dict_1)\n    models.UserInfo.objects.create(**user_info_dict_2)\n    print('yes')\n \n    return HttpResponse('ok')<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 \u8fd0\u884cDjango \u9879\u76ee\u8bbf\u95ee\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
 4\u3001\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u53cc\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4e4b\u5916\u952e\u6b63\u5411\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c <\/p>\n\n\n\n
     # \u589e\n      #\n      # models.Tb1.objects.create(c1='xx', c2='oo')  \u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e **kwargs\n  \n      # obj = models.Tb1(c1='xx', c2='oo')\n      # obj.save()\n  \n      # \u67e5\n      #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.get(id=123)         # \u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u6761\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u62a5\u9519\uff08\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\uff09\n    # models.Tb1.objects.all()               # \u83b7\u53d6\u5168\u90e8\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven') # \u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\n \n     # \u5220\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').delete() # \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\n \n     # \u6539\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').update(gender='0')  # \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5747\u652f\u6301 **kwargs\n     # obj = models.Tb1.objects.get(id=1)\n     # obj.c1 = '111'\n     # obj.save()                                                 # \u4fee\u6539\u5355\u6761\u6570\u636e\n\n\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
 # \u83b7\u53d6\u4e2a\u6570\n      #\n      # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').count()\n  \n      # \u5927\u4e8e\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e8e\n      #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gt=1)              # \u83b7\u53d6id\u5927\u4e8e1\u7684\u503c\n      # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10)             # \u83b7\u53d6id\u5c0f\u4e8e10\u7684\u503c\n      # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10, id__gt=1)   # \u83b7\u53d6id\u5927\u4e8e1 \u4e14 \u5c0f\u4e8e10\u7684\u503c\n \n     # in\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__in=[11, 22, 33])   # \u83b7\u53d6id\u7b49\u4e8e11\u300122\u300133\u7684\u6570\u636e\n     # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(id__in=[11, 22, 33])  # not in\n \n     # contains\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__contains=\"ven\")\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__icontains=\"ven\") # icontains\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\n     # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(name__icontains=\"ven\")\n \n     # range\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__range=[1, 2])   # \u8303\u56f4bettwen and\n \n     # \u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\n     #\n     # startswith\uff0cistartswith, endswith, iendswith,\n \n     # order by\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('id')    # asc\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('-id')   # desc\n \n     # limit \u3001offset\n     #\n     # models.Tb1.objects.all()[10:20]\n \n     # group by\n     from django.db.models import Count, Min, Max, Sum\n     # models.Tb1.objects.filter(c1=1).values('id').annotate(c=Count('num'))\n     # SELECT \"app01_tb1\".\"id\", COUNT(\"app01_tb1\".\"num\") AS \"c\" FROM \"app01_tb1\" WHERE \"app01_tb1\".\"c1\" = 1 GROUP BY \"app01_tb1\".\"id\"\n\n\u8fdb\u9636\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u53cc\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff09<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
  •  \u67e5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u5355\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    # ret = models.UserType.objects.all()\n# print(ret.query)   \n# ret.query\u540e\u53f0\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684sql\u8bed\u53e5<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u7ed3\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    SELECT `app01_usertype`.`nid`, `app01_usertype`.`caption` FROM `app01_usertype`<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all()\nprint(type(ret), ret)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aQuerySet\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5faa\u73af\u62ff\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all()\n    print(type(ret), ret)\n \n    for item in ret:\n        print(item)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    UserType object\nUserType object\nUserType object<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8981\u51fa\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all()\n    print(type(ret), ret)\n \n    for item in ret:\n        print(item, item.nid, item.caption)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u53d6\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    UserType object 1 \u7ba1\u8def\u5458\nUserType object 2 \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\nUserType object 3 \u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u770b\u51fa\u6bcf\u6b21\u8f93\u51faitem\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61(\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e)\uff0c\u5728modes\u4e2d\u6709__str__\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5c31\u8f93\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u65b9\u4fbf\uff09\uff0c \u5728python2.7\u4e2d\u53eb__unicode__\u5982\u679c\u5728UserType\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u91cc\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    class UserType(models.Model):\n    nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)\n    caption = models.CharField(max_length=16)\n \n    def __str__(self):\n        return '\n\n\n\n
     \u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    1-\u7ba1\u8def\u5458 1 \u7ba1\u8def\u5458\n2-\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237 2 \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\n3-\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458 3 \u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u5458<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u3000\u3000\u67e5\u8be2\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all().values('nid')\nprint(type(ret), ret)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u7ed3\u679c\u67e5\u8be2\u51fanid\u5b57\u6bb5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e \uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <QuerySet [{'nid': 1}, {'nid': 2}, {'nid': 3}]><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u67e5\u8be2\u7684sql\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7528query\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all().values('nid')\nprint(type(ret), ret.query)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
     SELECT `app01_usertype`.`nid` FROM `app01_usertype` <\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u5f53\u901a\u8fc7values\u5faa\u73af\u53d6\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all().values('nid')\n    print(type(ret), ret.query)\n    for item in ret:\n        print(item, type(item))<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u7ed3\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    SELECT `app01_usertype`.`nid` FROM `app01_usertype`{'nid': 1} <class'dict'>{'nid': 2} <class'dict'>{'nid': 3} <class'dict'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u5916\u90e8\u662fQuerySet\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u53ea\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u67d0\u51e0\u5217\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u5f53\u901a\u8fc7values_list\u5faa\u73af\u53d6\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all().values_list('nid')\n    print(type(ret), ret)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <QuerySet [(1,), (2,), (3,)]><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
     \u4f9d\u7136\u662fqueryset\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\uff0cvalues\u548cvalues_list\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f\uff1avalues\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cvalues_list\u628a\u5185\u90e8\u5143\u7d20\u53d8\u6210\u5143\u7ec4\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ret = models.UserType.objects.all().values_list('nid')\n    print(type(ret), ret)\n    for item in ret:\n        print(type(item), item)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/allan-king\/p\/5807659.html Django \u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u822c\u5199\u5728 models.py \u4e2d\uff0cDjango \u652f\u6301 sqlite3, MySQL, PostgreSQL\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728settings.py\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u66f4\u6539models.py\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u6781\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a \u5728Django\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u662fsqlite3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728settings\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a # Database # https:\/\/docs.djangoproject.com\/en\/1.10\/ref\/settings\/#databases   # sqlite3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f # DATABASES = { #     ‘default’: { #         ‘ENGINE’: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3’, #         ‘NAME’: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3’), #     } # }   # MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f DATABASES = { ‘default’: { […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-django"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=446"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/446\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}