{"id":689,"date":"2026-07-13T23:52:27","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T23:52:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/13\/%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86%e4%ba%86100-%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f\/"},"modified":"2026-07-14T06:55:48","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T22:55:48","slug":"%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86%e4%ba%86100-%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/13\/%e6%95%b4%e7%90%86%e4%ba%86100-%e6%9d%a1linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6574\u7406\u4e86100+\u6761Linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Linux \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168<\/h2>\n

\u6db5\u76d6\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7b49\u5341\u4e94\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u5171 100+ \u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9002\u5408\u521d\/\u4e2d\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6536\u85cf\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

@TOC<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
pwd<\/code><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\npwd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ls -lah<\/code><\/td>\n\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u542b\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\uff09<\/td>\nls -lah \/etc<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cd<\/code><\/td>\n\u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55\uff1bcd -<\/code>\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\ncd \/var\/log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mkdir -p<\/code><\/td>\n\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\nmkdir -p app\/logs\/nginx<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rmdir<\/code><\/td>\n\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\nrmdir old_dir<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tree<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ee5\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\uff09<\/td>\ntree -L 2<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
du -sh<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\ndu -sh \/var\/log\/*<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
cat<\/code><\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b-n<\/code>\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\ncat -n app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
less<\/code><\/td>\n\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\uff08\u53ef\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7ffb\u9875\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u66ff\u4ee3 more\uff09<\/td>\nless +G app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
more<\/code><\/td>\n\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u770b\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\uff09<\/td>\nmore catalina.out<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
head -n<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934 N \u884c<\/td>\nhead -n 20 access.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tail -n<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e N \u884c<\/td>\ntail -n 100 app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tail -f<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b9e\u65f6\u8ffd\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5fc5\u5907<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\ntail -f app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wc -l<\/code><\/td>\n\u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u884c\u6570\/\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\/\u5355\u8bcd\u6570<\/td>\nwc -l app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
diff<\/code><\/td>\n\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5dee\u5f02<\/td>\ndiff file1.txt file2.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# \u5b9e\u65f6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\uff09tail -f app.log | grep \"ERROR\"# \u67e5\u770b\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff08less \u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff1aG \u8df3\u672b\u5c3e\uff0cgg \u8df3\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\/keyword \u641c\u7d22\uff0cq \u9000\u51fa\uff09less +G bigfile.log<\/code><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u590d\u5236\u4e0e\u79fb\u52a8<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
cp -iv<\/code><\/td>\n\u590d\u5236\uff08\u8be2\u95ee\u786e\u8ba4+\u663e\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63a8\u8350<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\ncp -iv src.conf src.conf.bak<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cp -r<\/code><\/td>\n\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\ncp -r project project_bak<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mv -i<\/code><\/td>\n\u79fb\u52a8\/\u91cd\u547d\u540d\uff08\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u786e\u8ba4\uff09<\/td>\nmv -i old.txt new.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
rsync -avz<\/code><\/td>\n\u589e\u91cf\u540c\u6b65\/\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f20\u8f93\uff08\u751f\u4ea7\u63a8\u8350<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nrsync -avz src\/ user@host:\/dst\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
tar -czvf<\/code><\/td>\n\u6253\u5305\u5e76\u7528 gzip \u538b\u7f29\u4e3a .tar.gz<\/td>\ntar -czvf logs.tar.gz logs\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar -xzvf<\/code><\/td>\n\u89e3\u538b .tar.gz<\/td>\ntar -xzvf logs.tar.gz<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tar -cjvf<\/code><\/td>\n\u6253\u5305\u5e76\u7528 bzip2 \u538b\u7f29\uff08\u538b\u7f29\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff09<\/td>\ntar -cjvf pkg.tar.bz2 dir\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
zip -r<\/code><\/td>\n\u538b\u7f29\u4e3a .zip\uff08\u517c\u5bb9 Windows\uff09<\/td>\nzip -r out.zip dir\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
unzip<\/code><\/td>\n\u89e3\u538b .zip \u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\nunzip out.zip -d \/tmp\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gzip \/ gunzip<\/code><\/td>\n\u538b\u7f29\/\u89e3\u538b\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\ngzip app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# \u53c2\u6570\u901f\u8bb0\uff1ac=\u521b\u5efa x=\u89e3\u538b z=gzip j=bzip2 v=\u663e\u793a f=\u6587\u4ef6\u540dtar -czvf backup.tar.gz \/var\/www\/html\/tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz -C \/tmp\/ # -C \u6307\u5b9a\u89e3\u538b\u76ee\u5f55<\/code><\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\uff08vim\uff09<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u64cd\u4f5c<\/th>\n\u547d\u4ee4\/\u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\ni<\/code>\/a<\/code>\/o<\/code><\/td>\n\u5149\u6807\u524d\/\u540e\/\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9000\u51fa\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\nEsc<\/code><\/td>\n\u56de\u5230\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n:wq<\/code><\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f3a\u5236\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n:q!<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\uff08\u5361\u4f4f\u65f6\u7528\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53ea\u4fdd\u5b58<\/td>\n:w<\/code><\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u884c<\/td>\ndd<\/code><\/td>\n\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u590d\u5236\/\u7c98\u8d34<\/td>\nyy<\/code>\/p<\/code><\/td>\n\u590d\u5236\u6574\u884c\/\u7c98\u8d34<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u64a4\u9500\/\u91cd\u505a<\/td>\nu<\/code>\/Ctrl+r<\/code><\/td>\n\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u67e5\u627e<\/td>\n\/keyword<\/code>\u2192n<\/code><\/td>\n\u5411\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u6362<\/td>\n:%s\/old\/new\/g<\/code><\/td>\n\u66ff\u6362\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709 old\u2192new<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8df3\u5230\u884c\u9996\/\u884c\u5c3e<\/td>\n0<\/code>\/$<\/code><\/td>\n\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8df3\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e<\/td>\nG<\/code><\/td>\n\u5927\u5199 G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\n:set nu<\/code><\/td>\n\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\ud83d\udca1\u63d0\u793a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5361\u4f4f\u4e86\uff1f\u5148\u6309Esc<\/code>\uff0c\u518d\u8f93:q!<\/code>\u5f3a\u5236\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u7f16\u8f91\u5b8c\u8bb0\u5f97:wq<\/code>\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u516d\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u641c\u7d22<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
find<\/code><\/td>\n\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\/\u7c7b\u578b\/\u5927\u5c0f\/\u65f6\u95f4\u67e5\u627e<\/td>\nfind \/etc -name \"*.conf\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
grep<\/code><\/td>\n\u6309\u5185\u5bb9\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5219\uff09<\/td>\ngrep -rn \"ERROR\" logs\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
locate<\/code><\/td>\n\u5feb\u901f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u9700 updatedb\uff09<\/td>\nlocate nginx.conf<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

find . -name \".log\" find . -type f -size +100M find . -mtime -7 find . -name \"<\/em>.tmp\" -delete grep -n \"Exception\" app.log grep -i \"error\" app.log grep -v \"DEBUG\" app.log grep -rn \"TODO\" src\/<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/figure> \n

\u4e03\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
uname -a<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\nuname -a<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\ncat \/etc\/os-release<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hostname<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/td>\nhostname -I<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
uptime<\/code><\/td>\n\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u957f + \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/td>\nuptime<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
date<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\ndate \"+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
free -h<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nfree -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
top<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7\uff08\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\uff09<\/td>\ntop<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
htop<\/code><\/td>\n\u589e\u5f3a\u7248 top\uff08\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\uff09<\/td>\nhtop<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lscpu<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b CPU \u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\nlscpu<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
env<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/td>\n`env<\/td>\ngrep PATH`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# \u4e00\u952e\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u51b5echo \"=== \u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f ===\" && uname -aecho \"=== \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528 ===\" && free -hecho \"=== \u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528 ===\" && df -hecho \"=== \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d ===\" && uptime<\/code><\/p>\n

\u516b\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ps aux<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\n`ps aux<\/td>\ngrep java`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ps -ef<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n`ps -ef<\/td>\ngrep nginx`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kill PID<\/code><\/td>\n\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4 SIGTERM\uff09<\/td>\nkill 1234<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kill -9 PID<\/code><\/td>\n\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u614e\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nkill -9 1234<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
killall<\/code><\/td>\n\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u540c\u540d\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\nkillall nginx<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
nohup &<\/code><\/td>\n\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed<\/td>\nnohup java -jar app.jar &<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
jobs<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\njobs -l<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lsof -i :\u7aef\u53e3<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nlsof -i :8080<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u6740\u6b7b\u5360\u75288080\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0blsof -i :8080kill -9 $(lsof -t -i :8080)# \u67e5\u627eJava\u8fdb\u7a0bps aux | grep java# \u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884cSpring Boot\u9879\u76eenohup java -jar app.jar > app.log 2>&1 &echo $! # \u6253\u5370PID\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed kill<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/figure> \n

\u4e5d\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ip addr<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u548c IP\uff08\u66ff\u4ee3 ifconfig\uff09<\/td>\nip addr show eth0<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ifconfig<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u9010\u6e10\u88ab ip \u66ff\u4ee3\uff09<\/td>\nifconfig<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ping<\/code><\/td>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\u6027<\/td>\nping -c 4 baidu.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
curl<\/code><\/td>\n\u53d1\u9001 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\/\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5fc5\u5907<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\ncurl -O<\/code>https:\/\/example.com\/file<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
wget<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u652f\u6301\u65ad\u70b9\u7eed\u4f20\uff09<\/td>\nwget -c<\/code>https:\/\/example.com\/big.tar.gz<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ss -tlnp<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u66ff\u4ee3 netstat\uff09<\/td>\n`ss -tlnp<\/td>\ngrep 8080`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
netstat -tlnp<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528\uff08\u65e7\u7248\uff09<\/td>\n`netstat -tlnp<\/td>\ngrep 80`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
traceroute<\/code><\/td>\n\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8def\u7531\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\ntraceroute baidu.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
scp<\/code><\/td>\n\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\nscp file.txt user@host:\/path\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ssh<\/code><\/td>\n\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\nssh<\/code>user@192.168.1.100<\/code><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# curl \u5e38\u7528\u6280\u5de7curl -I https:\/\/example.com # \u53ea\u770b\u54cd\u5e94\u5934curl -X POST -H \"Content-Type: application\/json\" -d '{\"key\":\"val\"}' http:\/\/api\/endpoint# \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3ss -tlnp# scp \u4e0a\u4f20\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668scp -r .\/dist\/ user@192.168.1.10:\/var\/www\/html\/<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/figure> \n

\u5341\u3001\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
whoami<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237<\/td>\nwhoami<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
id<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237 uid\/gid\/\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td>\nid username<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudo<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\nsudo apt update<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
su -<\/code><\/td>\n\u5207\u6362\u5230 root \u7528\u6237<\/td>\nsu - root<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
useradd<\/code><\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237<\/td>\nuseradd -m -s \/bin\/bash tom<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
passwd<\/code><\/td>\n\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/td>\npasswd tom<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
userdel<\/code><\/td>\n\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/td>\nuserdel -r tom<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chmod<\/code><\/td>\n\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nchmod 755 script.sh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
chown<\/code><\/td>\n\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/td>\nchown www:www -R \/var\/www\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
visudo<\/code><\/td>\n\u7f16\u8f91 sudo \u6743\u9650\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u5b89\u5168\uff09<\/td>\nvisudo<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# chmod \u6570\u5b57\u6743\u9650\u901f\u8bb0\uff1ar=4 w=2 x=1# 755 = rwxr-xr-x\uff08\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u5168\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u8bfb+\u6267\u884c\uff09# 644 = rw-r--r--\uff08\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ea\u8bfb\uff09chmod 755 deploy.shchmod -R 644 \/var\/www\/html\/# \u6279\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650find \/var\/www -type d -exec chmod 755 {} ;find \/var\/www -type f -exec chmod 644 {} ;<\/code><\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
df -h<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\ndf -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
du -sh *<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5404\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>\ndu -sh \/var\/log\/*<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
lsblk<\/code><\/td>\n\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u78c1\u76d8\/\u5206\u533a\uff09<\/td>\nlsblk<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
fdisk -l<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u8868<\/td>\nsudo fdisk -l<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mount \/ umount<\/code><\/td>\n\u6302\u8f7d\/\u5378\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\nmount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt\/data<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
iostat<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u6027\u80fd\uff08\u9700\u5b89\u88c5 sysstat\uff09<\/td>\niostat -x 1 3<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u26a0\ufe0f\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u78c1\u76d8\u5360\u6ee1\u65f6\u4f18\u5148\u7528du -sh \/var\/log\/*<\/code>\u6392\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u518d\u7528find \/ -size +1G<\/code>\u627e\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5207\u52ff\u76f2\u76ee\u5220\u9664\uff01<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u64cd\u4f5c<\/th>\nDebian\/Ubuntu (apt)<\/th>\nCentOS\/RHEL (yum\/dnf)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\napt update<\/code><\/td>\nyum check-update<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/td>\napt install -y vim<\/code><\/td>\nyum install -y vim<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/td>\napt remove vim<\/code><\/td>\nyum remove vim<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u641c\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/td>\napt search keyword<\/code><\/td>\nyum search keyword<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5347\u7ea7\u6240\u6709\u5305<\/td>\napt upgrade -y<\/code><\/td>\nyum update -y<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5<\/td>\n`dpkg -l<\/td>\ngrep vim`<\/td>\n`rpm -qa<\/td>\ngrep vim`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# Ubuntu \u4e00\u6b21\u5b89\u88c5\u591a\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y vim curl wget git htop tree unzip net-tools lsof# CentOS 7 \u5b89\u88c5 EPEL \u6e90\u540e\u5b89\u88c5\u66f4\u591a\u5de5\u5177sudo yum install -y epel-releasesudo yum install -y vim curl wget git htop tree<\/code><\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0e\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
ln -s<\/code><\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\/\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\nln -s \/usr\/local\/jdk\/bin\/java \/usr\/bin\/java<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ln<\/code><\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u786c\u94fe\u63a5<\/td>\nln file.txt hardlink.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
readlink -f<\/code><\/td>\n\u89e3\u6790\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u771f\u5b9e\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\nreadlink -f \/usr\/bin\/python3<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
touch<\/code><\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\/\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/td>\ntouch newfile.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
file<\/code><\/td>\n\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\nfile unknown.bin<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
stat<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\/\u6743\u9650\/inode\uff09<\/td>\nstat app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u5341\u56db\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
date<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\/\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/td>\ndate \"+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
timedatectl<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u533a\uff08systemd \u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/td>\ntimedatectl set-timezone Asia\/Shanghai<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
crontab -e<\/code><\/td>\n\u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5e38\u7528<\/strong>\uff09<\/td>\ncrontab -e<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
crontab -l<\/code><\/td>\n\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868<\/td>\ncrontab -l<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
at<\/code><\/td>\n\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5b9a\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/td>\nat 22:00 <<< \"backup.sh\"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# crontab \u683c\u5f0f: \u5206 \u65f6 \u65e5 \u6708 \u5468 \u547d\u4ee4# \u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66682\u70b9\u6267\u884c\u5907\u4efd# \u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u65e9\u4e0a8\u70b9# \u6bcf5\u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\/5 <\/em> <\/em> * \/scripts\/check-service.sh<\/code><\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec4\u5408\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n

\u65e5\u5fd7\u6392\u67e5<\/h4>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

tail -f app.log | grep --color \"ERROR|WARN\"grep \"ERROR\" app.log | awk '{print $6}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -rngrep -rl \"NullPointerException\" \/var\/log\/<\/code><\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u6392\u969c<\/h4>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

# \u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528CPU\u6700\u9ad8\uff08\u6309CPU\u964d\u5e8f\uff09ps aux | sort -k3rn | head -10# \u67e5\u770b\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6700\u9ad8ps aux | sort -k4rn | head -10# \u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66\u65f6\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u6700\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u5f55du -sh \/* 2>\/dev\/null | sort -rh | head -10# \u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u65f6ss -tlnp | grep :8080<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/figure> \n

\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h4>\n

bash<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n

ls -lh | grep \".log\" | wc -l command > file.txt command >> file.txt command 2>&1 | tee out.txt command 2>\/dev\/null find . -name \"*.log\" | xargs rm<\/code><\/p>\n

\"Image<\/figure> \n
  • <\/em><\/li>\n

    \u26a1 \u6700\u9ad8\u9891\u547d\u4ee4\u901f\u67e5\u5361\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff09<\/h3>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u573a\u666f<\/th>\n\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u8be6\u60c5<\/td>\nls -lah<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8df3\u56de\u4e0a\u6b21\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\ncd -<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5b9e\u65f6\u8ffd\u8e2a\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td>\ntail -f app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td>\ngrep -rn \"key\" .<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u67e5\u627eJava\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n`ps aux<\/td>\ngrep java`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5f3a\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\nkill -9 PID<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528<\/td>\nlsof -i :8080<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7528\u91cf<\/td>\ndf -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u91cf<\/td>\nfree -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u538b\u7f29\u6253\u5305\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\ntar -czvf bak.tar.gz dir\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td>\nchmod 755 script.sh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/td>\nscp file user@host:\/path<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/td>\nnohup java -jar app.jar &<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u4fee\u6539\u524d\u5907\u4efd\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\ncp -iv conf conf.bak<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u6e05\u740630\u5929\u524d\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td>\nfind . -name \"*.log\" -mtime +30 -delete<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    vim \u4fdd\u5b58\/\u5f3a\u9000<\/td>\n:wq<\/code>\/:q!<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
    \n

    \u672c\u6587\u81ea CSDN \u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/weixin_43202444\/article\/details\/161659971<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Linux \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168 \u6db5\u76d6\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-43"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=689"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":691,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689\/revisions\/691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=689"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=689"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/book.yuekegu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}